Phthalocyanine Beta Phase Thermodynamically Stable Process Cyan Standard

Pigment Blue 15:3

Phthalocyanine Blue — Beta Phase

The global industry-standard process cyan. A thermodynamically stable, greenish-tone beta-phase phthalocyanine blue delivering exceptional tinting strength, transparency, and flocculation resistance across water-based inks, paints, plastics, and textile systems. The most widely used blue pigment in the world.

pigment photo
CI Name
Pigment Blue 15:3
CI Number
74160
Shade
Greenish Blue
Forms
Powder · Aqueous Dispersion
Heat Stability
Up to 200 °C
Product overview

Specifications

β

Why beta phase matters — thermodynamic stability

The beta crystal modification of copper phthalocyanine is thermodynamically the most stable form. Unlike the alpha phase, it does not undergo crystal transformation in solvents or under heat, making PB 15:3 suitable for a far broader range of application systems. Its greenish-blue masstone and superior transparency also make it the de facto standard for process cyan in CMYK printing worldwide.

Chemical class
Phthalocyanine Blue (Beta Modification)
Colour Index name
Pigment Blue 15:3
Colour Index number
CI 74160
CAS number
147-14-8
Molecular formula
C₃₂H₁₆CuN₈
Molecular weight
576.07 g/mol
Shade tone
Greenish blue (beta phase)
Crystal modification
Beta (β) — thermodynamically stable
Transparency
Transparent to semi-transparent
Specific gravity
~1.6 g/cm³
pH (10% slurry)
6.5 – 8.0
Available forms
Powder · Aqueous Dispersion
Heat stability
Stable up to 200 °C
Technical performance

Performance Properties

PropertyStandard / NoteRating
LightfastnessISO 105-B02
Excellent (5/5)
Heat stabilityUp to 200 °C
Excellent (5/5)
Transparency
Excellent (5/5)
Colour strengthTinting method
Excellent (5/5)
Flocculation resistanceShade stability
Excellent (5/5)
Thermodynamic crystal stabilityβ phase — no transformation
Excellent (5/5)
Gloss retentionCoatings
Very good (4/5)
Acid resistance
Excellent (5/5)
Alkali resistance
Excellent (5/5)

PB 15:3 as Process Cyan

In CMYK process colour printing, PB 15:3 is universally used as the cyan component. Its clean greenish-blue hue, high transparency, and exceptional tinting strength allow accurate reproduction of the full colour gamut when combined with process magenta and yellow inks.

C — Cyan (PB 15:3)
+
M — Magenta
+
Y — Yellow
+
K — Black
=
Full gamut
End-use markets

Applications

Water-Based Flexo & Gravure Inks

The primary grade for water-based process cyan inks. Excellent transparency and flocculation resistance ensure consistent colour reproduction across long print runs. Aqueous dispersion form allows direct incorporation without milling.

Paints & Architectural Coatings

High gloss, vivid blue shades in waterborne and solventborne decorative paints. The beta phase delivers superior colour stability versus alpha grades in medium-polarity solvent systems, and outstanding exterior lightfastness.

Plastics & Masterbatch

Widely used in polyolefin, PET, and engineering polymer colouration. Exceptional heat stability (200 °C) and migration resistance in polyolefins. No crystal transformation issues during high-temperature processing.

Textile Printing

Used in pigment printing pastes for cotton, polyester, and blended fabrics. Compatible with acrylic, polyurethane, and other binder systems. Excellent wash fastness with appropriate binder and fixation chemistry.

Paper & Packaging

Surface coating, tinting, and colouration of paper and board. The aqueous dispersion form provides excellent compatibility with paper coating formulations. High tinting strength reduces usage levels and cost.

Industrial & Powder Coatings

Suitable for high-bake industrial coatings and powder coating systems. Beta phase stability ensures no colour shift during extended curing cycles. Meets automotive OEM colour standards in trichromatic mixing systems.

Product forms

Available Forms

Dry Powder
Aqueous Dispersion
Custom Grade

Aqueous dispersions are available at various solids concentrations for direct use in water-based ink and coating formulations. Custom particle-size distributions and surface treatments available on request for specific applications.

Compliance

Regulatory Status

REACH Registered

Registered under EU REACH regulation. Full SDS available on request for compliance and procurement documentation.

Heavy Metal Free

Contains no lead, cadmium, mercury, or chromium VI. Meets international packaging and environmental directives.

Series comparison

Pigment Blue 15 Family

All four grades share the same copper phthalocyanine core (CI 74160) but differ critically in crystal phase and surface treatment. Choosing the right grade for your system matters.

PB 15:0
Alpha — Standard
Shade: Reddish blue
Best for: Water-based inks, paper, stationery
Note: Can crystallize in solvents
View PB 15:0 →
PB 15:1
Alpha — NC Modified
Shade: Reddish blue
Best for: Solventborne coatings, automotive, rubber
Note: Non-crystallizing in aromatic / ketone solvents
View PB 15:1 →
PB 15:3
Beta — Thermodynamically Stable
Shade: Greenish blue (process cyan)
Best for: Printing inks, paints, plastics, textiles
Note: Most widely used; broadest compatibility
PB 15:4
Beta — Chlorine-Free
Shade: Greenish blue
Best for: Food-contact packaging, waterborne, textiles
Note: No chlorine substituents; food-contact compliant
View PB 15:4 →